肖哥同义替换整理
you are a helpful translate assistant
TIPS：以下一共八百组同义替换词，因为各有不同，所以很难用统一的规则去归纳他们，所以打算换一种方式，把它们按照不同的类型去记录，例如，有一部分词，尤其是逻辑联结词，我们用 逻辑衔接
（一个表格，比如表顺承的，表并列的，表转折的等）
另一部分词，尤其是一些名词和动词，他们是非逻辑衔接词（有实际含义的词语）比如教育类的，健康类的，自然环境类的之类的词语，我们就把它按照实际含义可能出现的场景来划分，在下面补了一个表格，不是需要填进这个表格中，而是说以类似这样的逻辑去把它们组织起来。 （每个类似的词之间用相连，连接好后在末尾加上中文释译）
这是需要做出来的样子的样例：
按照逻辑连接分类。
有实际含义的词汇（请继续扩充这个表）
以下是完整的词汇目录，也是将要处理的内容：
1.I think=when it comes to me=for my part=as for me for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion=hold the viewpoint/standpoint/perspective that=harbor an idea/opinion that=embrace a view that as I see it from my point of view when it comes to me as far as I am concerned frame of reference harbor the idea that/ embrace a view that
think=advocate=assert=claim=affirm deem
To the best of my knowledge 就我所知＝as far as I know
2.maintain/assume emphasize/insist argue/hold
3.attach importance to=give weight to=devote much attention to
focus on=devote/dedicate/commit oneself to= engage/employ oneself in
give priority to something: “重视，优先考虑”。
pour attention into 替换pay attention to be brought into attention=be in the limelight
4.lay/put/place emphasis/stress/weight on 强调emphasize=stress=highlight
highlight and emphasize的区别：highlight是告诉人们重点，因而能够让别人注意，类似于老师勾重点；而emphasize则是使重点清晰，不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多
5.stand by=hold with=approve of=agree=in favor of Agree=espouse (the same as agree with)
approve of doing(=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right)赞成
6.disapprove of=object to=be opposed to=reject
turn down=refuse refuse直截了当的拒绝 reject厌恶地拒绝 decline委婉拒绝
frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth 反对: oppose/ argue against/ combat
反对，不赞成--demur deprecate dissent dissident
disagree with=be the last one to uphold
7.make/exert every effort to do=many efforts should be made to do=endeavor to do=take arduous and sustained efforts=take extra trouble over sth尽心尽力做=do one’s endeavor竭尽所能=make every endeavor to do sth=exert oneself=exert all one’s strength尽某人全力=peg away at坚持不懈地做=buckle down倾全力，开始认真从事=function on all cylinders竭尽全力地干，运转正常=strain every nerve全力以赴，竭尽全力=strain oneself to do sth竭尽全力做某事=be diligent in勤勉于=make a strenuous effort to do sth.= industrious勤奋的，勤勉的=assiduous勤勉的= hard-working=studious=sedulous= Laborious adj.勤奋的 struggle for = aspire after = strive for
spare no efforts=try one’s best均加to do 勤奋勤勉sedulity=diligence
do one’s utmost to make persistent efforts to do
somebody be bent on/upon …谁刻苦的做什么事情。
go to great pains=take pains 下功夫,努力
If you take pains to do something or go to great pains to do something, you try hard to do it, because you think it is important to do it.
Social workers went to great pains to acknowledge men's domestic rights.
stick at (=continue to work hard at)继续勤奋地致力于…;
stick one’s work 坚持工作; stick at one’s books 勤奋读书
Go to great length to do sth ---- try their best to do
8.owing to=thanks to=for the sake of=be due to=ascribe to=attribute to=account for
on account of=because of= on the ground of in consideration of=In view of由于
by reason of (=because of) 由于,因为 by occasion of由于
9.resolve to do=choose to do=be determined to do=be convinced to do
10.accordingly=come to/darw/reach/arrive at the conclusion that=arrive at a conclusion that=consequently=eventually=at last=ultimately=finally B hammer a conclusion that crystallize a conclusion that at length
so所以=consequently=accordingly=for this reason=therefore=thus=hence thereupon,whereupon
in summary=in conclusion总之 as a result of as a consequence on that account it follows that all in all in brief to summarize in summary
In brief, briefly speaking -> In the aggregate, simply put it
by /in virtue of 由于…; 依靠…力量=as a result of= by means of
taking above mentioned into consideration an unshakable conclusion could be safely drawn that ...
Balancing the advantages and disadvantages/positive effects and negative effects of ...
11.be capable of doing sth.=be able to do sth.
ability输出能力=capability(the same as ability)输出能力=capacity输入能力=competence竞争力
aptitude才能=faculty才能 caliber forte 特长，专长 flair n.天资; 敏锐的感觉力; 才能; 鉴别力
12.in accordance with=in concord with
in accordance(accord) with (=in agreement with)依照,根据
with one accord (unanimously) 一致地
in line with(=in agreement with)符合,一致
concomitant with=in conjunction with与……相一致 uniform一致=unanimous一致的
Keep pace with 与谁步调一致，跟上的步伐 conformity 一致
Be in tune with 与谁一致 consist with 符合,与…一致 be consistent with 与…一致
13.very=perfectly=enormously=exceedingly=dinstinctly=pretty=fairly=way too=strikingly
= remarkably=voluminously（庞大的很多的）=mighty很，非常
fairly--comparatively, moderately
Very=extremely=magically=typically=tremendously=enormously=genuinely=drastically=Vastly
genuine=authentic真正的 drastically-violently striking= remarkable
substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably appreciably amazingly
Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually…
14.bias=prejudice
15.消极have a negative impact on
积极Have a positive effect on
深远Have a far-reaching influence on
Exert adverse/unfavorable influence on对。。。产生负面影响
16.quit=resign辞职
17.in order to do=for the purpose of doing sth=with an aim/a view/a goal/objective to do sth
= for the sake of= In the light of =in view of
with a view to (doing) sth= with a view of (doing) sth
with the intention of
18.the vast majority of people=a large percent of people
19.difficult=tough=confusing and complicated=insurmountable不可逾越的=challenging
difficult=formidable=arduous difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny
Find it difficult to=be hard-pressed to 做什么事情很艰难。 demanding难做的
困难的：difficult= arduous/ strenuous/ daunting/ formidable/ exacting/ insuperable/ impassable/ onerous（issue中大量存在"困难"的表达）
Difficult: hard, tricky, complicated, complex, intricate, involved, knotty, perplexing, puzzling, thorny… grueling：very difficult and tiring
20.people in increasing/growing numbers
21.important=significant=essential=vital=critical=crucial=sustaintial=paramount=inevitable=imperative requisite必需的，必不可少的 integral必不可少的（强调整体性）
inevitable – unavoidable inescapable influential有重大影响的
Foremost最好的，最重要的=uppermost=leading concernful重要的 momentous重要的重大的
indispensable必要+重要 needful必要的，需要的 pivotal至关重要的
Substantial=considerable in importance/value=significant
important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)
。。。will not fail to be a wiser and safer choice. cardinal主要的，最重要的
=irreplaceable=unavoidable predominant=dominant
=be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality
fateful宿命的, 重大的, 决定性的, 致命性的, 预言性的
there is no substitute for = second to none 无与伦比的~ the most important.
不重要的: unimportant—marginal/ peripheral/ negligible/ trifling/trivial
is a must for
is a prerequisite for 是…的必备先决条件
A be more important B than=A far outweigh B,A bear/carry more weight that
-附加-傻句替换：I think that A is more important than B. (这是经典大傻句！以下句中的'important'可随意替换同义词）
1. A is important to B.
2. A plays an/a important role to B.
3. A is of (great\enormous\significant\awesome) to B.
4. B can not (live\developed\grow\survive\achieve) without A.
5. A means (a lot\a great deal\much) to B.
6. The importance of A (to B) can never be (exaggerated\denied\ignored\doubted).
7. A is everything/the whole world to B.
8. B is fundamental on A.
9. A matters/counts to B.
10. Nothing is more crucial to B than A.
11. A is to B what the (foundation is to a skyscraper\water is to fish\the heart is to a human)
necessitate
v [Tn, Tg, Tsg] (fml 文) make (sth) necessary 使（某事物）成为必要: It's an unpopular measure, but the situation necessitates it. 这是不得人心的办法, 但形势需要这样做. * Your proposal will necessitate borrowing more money. 依你的建议, 就必须增加借款.
22.problem=trouble=headache=crisis=disaster=dilemma vexation 烦恼
dilemma embarrassment quandary predicament
Nuisance – problem/ trouble/headache
hardship / adversity 逆境，艰难，患难; plight 困境，艰难；dilemma 两难处境，艰难处境
困境：(陷入困难的处境就是困难)difficult situations= deadlock/ impasse/ stalemate/ dilemma/ predicament/ quandary/ mire泥沼/ morass/ swamp/ quagmire/ standstill停止，僵局/ labyrinth迷宫(很好的比喻的说法~可以说什么问题把我们陷入了一个迷宫~僵局等~) handicap
predicament – hardship disbenefit：something disadvantageous or objectionable
23.discouraging=depressing=frightful
忧郁的somber=gloomy=depressing=bleak=dreary=mournful=funereal=gray
24.fundammental=basic=preliminary=rudimentary cardinal主要的，最重要的 essential
underlying根本的, 潜在的 elementary初步的，基本的
underlying elementary fundamental essential cardinal
Be the cornerstone （基石）of
25.benefactor=philanthropist慈善家
26.postpone=put off=delay +doing sth.推迟=put sth on a hold
27.deprive sb of sth=rob sb of sth
掠夺，抢劫--loot predate rob pillage plunder sack spoil despoil burglarize angle
28.second(v.)=support=uphold=mattress=lend support to=take sides with=sing high praise of
advocate=supporter=proponent=endorse the position of sth uphold=support=advocate=back
Support/ confirm/ back up/ buttress/ strengthen/ bolster/ advocate
consolidate/ reinforce/ intensify/ fortify (可以用在argument)
upload向上(作用的)负载 take sides with lend support to sing high praise of
take a stand against 采取某种立场反对 take a stand for 采取某种立场支持…
A number of countries,including Australia,were prepared to take a stand for democracy and to take a stand against terrorism.
29.acid=acrimonious=acute=astute尖酸的
30.mercurial=capricious善变的
31.be relevant to=be related to=be associated with=be connected to= pertain corresponding
联系relationship=connection=association
pertinent=relevant相关的
be interrelated and interdependent 两者之间是互相依靠的，互相联系的~
is inextricably intertwined with 有着密切的联系。
be closely interrelated with…与…有密切关系
32.charming=attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive)=absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal) appealing(pleasing and attractive) alluring charming drawing enthralling fascinating inviting intriguing magnetic attractive enchanting glamorous catchy winning
intriguing=attractive=appealing=alluring=compelling=drawing=enthralling=fascinating=inviting=tempting= n.magnet be a magnet for=magnetic capture one’s attention=attract one’s attention
Exert a peculiar fascination on sb
吸引（n.） attraction=appeal
吸引: engross/ absorb/ draw/ attract/ intoxicate/ lure/ entice/ tempt
lure=attract Induce sb to do sth引诱某人做某事=Lure sb to do sth=tempt sb to do
sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb
33.evidently=obviously=apparently obvious=apparent=evident=manifest=definitive
striking=dramatic=obvious=noticeable=palpable=distinct=evident
patent/clear/visible/marked/noticeable/discernible/plain/observable/
明显的: clearly/ obviously/ distinctly/ evidently/ markedly/ visibly
Obviously=transparently (easily understand or recognize)
Clear: obvious, apparent, blatant, comprehensible, conspicuous, distinct, evident, manifest, palpable, plain, pronounced, recognizable, transparent, intelligible, lucid, plain, understandable, uninvolved, simple, …
35.be inclined to do=be liable to do倾向于做某事=be apt to do=be prone to
36.chaos=disorder=disarray disorganized混乱的
disorder /disturbance/ mess/ chaos混乱，骚乱，失调，疾病
混乱：名词：chaos/ confusion/ disorder / mayhem/ disarray/ havoc大面积的破坏-混乱 pandemonium 撒旦居住的地方，比喻嘈杂，混乱的地方/ shambles废墟/ turmoil 混乱，动荡/ upheaval突发的巨变
动荡的，混乱的 形容词：tumultuous/ turbulent/
37.carry out=enforce carry out--conduct, execute, commit, implement
practice: “（广泛，大范围）的从事”，常与laws and regulations, policy或其他类似范畴的单词连用，用来替代carry out
38.enhancement=reinforcement reinforce=strengthen加强 freshen（风力）加强
39.be reliant on=rely on Depend on=count on=bank on=rely on=rest on= hinge on=lie on=lean on
rest with(=be in hand of，depend on)取决于，在于，由…负责
40.cancel=call off=call it quit 撤销 to cancel; to revoke; to countermand;
41.handle=deal with=cope with=tackle=address=solve grapple with
Rise to the occasion 解决什么问题 environment pollution is more and more serious, awakening the conscience of society can rise to the occasion.
42.gradually=step by step
43.withdraw=retreat=recede撤退 fall back 撤退=retreat=turn back
44.at the beginning=at the outset=on the thresholder of Onset=start
Initially=at first=originally=primarily 或primarily=mostly
初始: beginning—debut/premiere/ prime/ genesis/ inception/ onset/ threshold/ lead off/ lead out (比to begin with好得多拉 )
初始的: beginning-- primitive//budding/ fledgling/ embryonic/（古老的意义解时archaic or antiquated or obsolescent or obsolete）
开始: begin/start—commence/ initiate/ embark/ inaugurate
开始：begin/start=undertake / embark upon
45.reproduce=duplicate繁殖，复制 multiply繁殖=propagate繁殖=reproduce繁殖，生殖
46.be acquainted with=be familiar with=have knowledge of
47.perceive=feel察觉 perceive=understand理解
Sth is beyond me ---- I don’t understand sth
48.overcome=conquer=surmount
49.interfer with sb=bother sb
50.specialize in=major in专攻，主修
51.stay up=vigil熬夜
52.compensate for=make up for赔偿=atone for compensation工资（正式用语）
compensate=counterbalance
53.constantly=always= invariably(the same as always, but better than always) usually=customarily
customary习俗的=usual一般的
constantly=incessantly=continuously不停的 on end
all the time--continually,continuously,constantly,perpetually
54.in despair=in desperation despair of=lose all hope of beyond hope (in despair)绝望
55.sympathize with=be in sympathy with
56.undergo=go through=experience=Withstand
57.着手解决问题address the problem/issue=solve
减缓问题的严重性alleviate the problem
58.frequently=more often than not
59.traffic jam=traffic congestion=diversions of traffic heavy traffic拥挤的交通 crowded street拥挤的道路
60.关于as to=concerning=regarding=with respect to=with/in regard to=about
61.assist sb with sth=help sb with sth=render assistance facilitate=assist
auspices：under the auspices of sb/sth helped and supported by sb/sth; having sb/sth as a patron 在某人[某事物]的帮助或支持下; 有某人[某事物]赞助的
62.tempt to do=try to do=attempt to do=intend to do=plan to do= be willing to do/be inclined to do/be apt to of one’s own accord( willingly)自愿地 ,主动地 of one’s own accord=voluntarily
lure=attract Induce sb to do sth引诱某人做某事=Lure sb to do sth=tempt sb to do
target to do sth.
63.be forced to do被迫=be encouraged to do
be obliged to do=have to do=be bound to=be forced to do=be compelled to do
force=coerces into=compel强迫 be doomed to (make someone or something certain to fail, die, be destroyed etc)
强迫，迫使force(to make sb do sth that they do not want to do)=coerce(to make sb do sth by using force or threats)=compel(to cause to do or occur by overwhelming pressure)=oblige(to make sb do sth because it is a law, a rule, or a duty)=pressure(try to make sb do sth)=press(to try in a determined way to make sb do sth or tell you sth)=exact(to get sth from sb by threatening or using your authority)=constrain(to make sb do sth that they do not want to do)=push(to make sb in a determined way do sth they do not want to do)= coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to) restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain, confine, limit
compellingly=forcefully
64.complicated=complex=Convoluted=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)=tangled=twist复杂的，纠结的=involved tangle纠缠 twist掺烧 jumble
复杂的事情：imbroglio/ mesh/ tangle/ labyrinth迷宫= maze
迷mystery-puzzle= enigma/ conundrum/ riddle/迷宫labyrinth/ maze
complexity n. 复杂, 复杂性,... intricacy n. 纷乱, 复杂, 错综 complication n. 复杂, 并发症,...
65.戒酒abstinence=temperance
66.疲劳 worn out=exhausted=weary=fatigued=jaded=be worn out
tired=fatigue累，疲惫
67.expansion=development milestone=significant development landmark 标志性建筑；里程碑
发展: development/ evolution/ progress/ grow make progress= make leaps in / press forward
on the upgrade breakthrough
progress: “发展，进步”，可以同advance交替使用，以避免重复，并可以替代development
68.swallow one’s words=break one’s promise
69.take into account=take into consideration=consider
70.肿胀的tumid=turgid
71.fundamentally=radically根本上地 primary=radical(very important and great in degree)=fundamental
72.overdraw=overdraft超支
73.exaggrated=overstated adj.夸大的，夸张的
74.survey=investigation调查
75.adequate=sufficient=enough=ample=generous=sufficient fraught（fully provided）
broad(extending far and wide)=extensive(spreading over a large area)=spacious(having or providing much space)=ample(generous or more than adequate in size, scope, or capacity)=roomy(large and providing you with a lot of space)
abundant=ample=plentiful=profuse=lush(强调茂盛)=copious(large, or in large amounts)=myriad(constituting a countless or extremely great number)=innumerable(too many to be counted; used for emphasizing a large amount or number)=numberless(too many to be counted)=exuberant numerous=copious=plentiful=
abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)
prolifically=abundantly luxuriant=abundant myriad= countless
(be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with)
abound in place with sth
Streams abound with fish 河里鱼很多。
76.be comprised of=consist of=constitute
77.to a large extent=to a large degree在很大程度上
78.come across=happen to meet=run intl
79.many=a considerable/substantial number of=myriad of=many a+单数
much=a considerable/substantial amount of copious amount of
a vast amount of
a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列 of no end of
Large quantities of/a large quantity of=multitudes of/a multitude of大量 an abundance of大量
a slice of, quiet a few , several，a handful of替换some
(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of , a host of, many, if not most)替换many.
注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。
Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that/ embrace a view that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most a succession of a procession of
A myriad of 可数名词复数 ，或者myriad +n复数 a wealth of a flood of vast arrays of
Literally every aspect of /A fair proportion of /A wide assortment of Wide/rich/large/great/fair/vast替换
Boundless/Unlimited myriad of , a mass of, a wealth of, substantive, incalculable, numberless, uncountable, unnumbered, a wide range of /a wide array of 大量的 kaleidoscope
The bazaar was a kaleidoscope of strange sights and impressions. 集市的景象光怪陆离
a lot of/ a great many of= manifold 许多 – abundant/ ample(充足) / copious(大量的)/ fraught with/ replete with/ numerous/ innumerable(不计其数)/ myriad 很多/ a multitude of/ multitudes of/ a myriad of 无数的人们/ limitless无限的/ a deluge of/ beaucoup <法> adj.非常多的
(很多同学都喜欢用~a lot of~a great number of~这里注意:numerous这里表达的不是无数很多那样~之表示一般的多~这一点从G猫老外改得一篇文章可以看到)
large quantity: 大量：avalanche/ spate(比喻意大量的某物) / exodus大量流出/ 大量流入influx/ multitude大量 / plethora 比喻意：大量/ profusion 丰富，繁多
拥有大量：boast/ abound / deluge(被大量的某物所淹没)/ teem到处
80.More and more=an increasing/growing number of
Enough=a sufficient number of too many=an excessive number of
a disproportionate number of：too much or too little in relation to something else
an army of/a sea of
81.now=currently=for the time being for the time being (=temporarily)暂时
at the moment (=now) 此刻,现在 At the moment I am working. 此刻我正在工作。
for the moment (=for the time being)暂时
now--at present, at this juncture, at this moment, currently
Pains for the moment, gains for the millennia.功在当代,利在千秋
82.good=satisfactory=beneficial and rewarding desirable值得拥有的
good=favorable,desirable,pleasurable
Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic
Good: marvelous, fabulous, gorgeous, spectacular, outstanding, distinguished, remarkable, superb, incredible, unbelievable, out of this world, magnificent, charming, stunning, fantastic, terrific, excellent, great, wonderful, amazing, awesome
positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising(有希望的)，
perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good impeccable无懈可击的，无瑕疵的
be better than=be superior to
implausible-incredible难以置信的
Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive
dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad
Bad: awful, terrible, dreadful, defective, faulty, imperfect, inadequate, poor, substandard, unsatisfactory, harmful, damaging, deleterious, detrimental, hurtful, ruinous, unhealthy, evil, immoral…
招人轻视的：contemptible = despicable
如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换
83.be of great benefit to be great harm to
Do a world/sea of benefit to do a world/sea of harm to
84.be fed up with=be tired of=be sick of=be weary of
85.友好的friendly=fraternal=neighborly=sociable
86.schedule=timetable
87.scientist=consultant=council
88.should=be supposed应该 Have no alternative but to Have no option but to Have no other choice but to
89.exhaust=emission
90.study=academic performance
91.传染的communicable=contagious
contagion传染病瘟疫 epidemic/ pandemic也有流行的意思/pestilence/ plague
92.definitely=sure=certainly=of course=admittedly
93.infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)=barren=poor(soil)
94.distribute=allocate==allot分配 assign分配
95.ahead of time=in advance
96.approximately=roughly大约地=nearly=almost around in the vicinity of=about大约
97.set back=frustration挫折，灰心丧气
98.same=identical=homogeneous
相似的: similar/ approximate/ proximate（全等于Approximate）/ homogeneous/ identical/ equal/ equivalent/ coordinate（同等的——在重要性、等级或程度上相同的）
on equal terms with(=on and equal footing)平等地
amount to (=to be equal to) 总计、等同于
be identical with(=exactly alike)和完全相同
be analogous to… 与…类似；与…相似
99.catch sight of=catch a glimpse of
100.at intervals经常地 on several occasions=many times很多次
101.obtain=gain=achieve=acquire derive=obtain
102.practical=pragmatic实践的 virtually=practically事实上
103.undertake=sustain=suffer
104.titantic=gigantic=colossal
big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL) astronomical, vast, boundless
庞大的，巨大的
huge(very large or extensive)=gigantic(exceeding the usual or expected)=colossal(extremely great or large)=immense(marked by greatness especially in size or degree; especially transcending ordinary means of measurement)=enormous(marked by extraordinarily great size, number, or degree; especially exceeding usual bounds or accepted notions)=gargantuan(extremely big)=prodigious(extraordinary in bulk, quantity, or degree)=tremendous(notable by reason of extreme size, power, greatness, or excellence or unusually large)=whopping(extremely large)= jumbo(larger than other things of the same type)=stupendous(of amazing size or greatness)
大的: immense/ huge/ spacious/ prodigious/ massive/ enormous/ vast/ tremendous/ expansive/ mightly
巨大的，惊人的--prodigious colossal enormous extraordinary gigantic huge
Immense mammoth vast tremendous
105.cling to=adhere to=cohere to=attract to
stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)
adhere to(=abide by，conform to，comply with，cling to，insist on，persist in，observe<vt>,cleave to)粘附；坚持，遵循
106.prefeable choice=priority preference=hobby 选择choice=alternative
辅助性：alternative 补充性/ therapist
107.dispute=discuss seminar讨论会=discussion air one’s view on sth=discuss about sth
108.refer to=providing=given the situation
109.homicide=murder
110.bad temper=irritable=irascible易怒的=cantankerous=choleric
111.drug处方药/毒品=prescription
112断言，判断verdict=assert=allege=affirm
113.be good at=be expert in=excel at=be proficient in/at doing sth.精通=be apt at擅长=be ingenious in/at善于=be skillful at doing sth=be masterly adroit=proficient=adept=灵巧的ambidextrous
therapist /expert/ specialist专家
114.拘留detain=arrest
115.deserted=abandoned
116.by contrast=whereas=nevertheless
117.有害的deadly and noxious
有毒的noxious=toxic=venomous有毒的，分泌毒液的=virulent剧毒的，恶毒的=noxious=pernicious有害的，致命的
118.preliminary=rudimentary消除
119.拒绝，驳斥rebuke=reprehend=reprimand=reproof=reproach=refute=renege=repulse
jump on (=scold, tell of, rebuke) 叱责
否认，拒绝，驳斥-- contradict dispute refute renounce naysay reject repudiate gainsay
120.erupt=break out
121.comply with=conform to=abide by abide by(=be faithful to ; obey vt)忠于；遵守
be true to 忠于…
If you are true to someone, you remain committed and loyal to them. If you are true to an idea or promise, you remain committed to it and continue to act according to it.
122.亲属relative=relation
123.consecutive=consistent=constant consistently=regularly
124.everlasting=eternal=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes)=permanent=perennial
=constant=immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)=forever
->forever (adv): infinity, eternal, timeless, everlasting，undying, endless, changeless, perpetually…
Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,
125.congstrain=circumscribe
126.contemplate=think carefully=brood on/over/about沉思考虑=dwell on细想
ruminate on (think carefully)
127.commoudious=comfortable
128.假设 assumption=hypothesis=premise=supposition=presumption
129.field=sphere领域 field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
facet,demension,sphere代aspect sphere (范围，球体) / respect (尊敬，方面) / facet (方面) / field (领域)
facet / factor: “方面，因素”，写作时尽量避免使用element，这个词中国人用得不是很好，aspect因为用的人较多，也可以避免
130.innate=inherent=inborn天生的
131.pollution=contamination
132.i strongly believed that=I am a strong believer of the fact that
Develop an unshakable faith in sth ----- totally believe in sb
133.hunt for=look for sth carefully Find a job=land a job
134.out of the question=impossible
next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible
135.date back to=trace back to
136.非常好的fantastic fabulous excellent incredible marvelous gorgeous outstanding brilliant Out of this world
美丽：beauty, comeliness, fairness, goodliness, loveliness, pulchritude, pretty, finery, presentability, swanky, magnificent, floweriness,bright.
美好的: gorgeous/ glorious/ splendid/ admirable/ breathtaking/ impressive/ spectacular/ superb
137.rashly=in spite of anything=regardless of consequences=without giving any thought to
irrespective of
138.thrifty=frugal节省的=economical abstemious有节制的
节约的--frugal prudent saving economical sparing thrifty abstemious stint
节俭的：frugal/ thrifty/ miserly/
139.子孙后代offspring=descendant=progeny posterity
140.惊讶astounded>amazed>astonished>surprised startle v.震惊 startling adj.令人吃惊的
Sensational adj.令人震惊的
surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)
141.pupils=apprentice学徒
142.辱骂abuse=insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
143.with the coming of=with the approach of=with the advent of=with sth drawing closer
144.take a walk=take a stroll=take a ramble
145.fancy=feel like=be bond of=fall for=be passionate about sth.=be tempted by sth.=have a passion for=be keen to do=show the high enthusiasm for= take delight in=take great pleasure in doing sth
have a burning desire for
146.take complete possession of=get and start using
147.come to light=become known
148.be unwilling to do=grudge doing sth=be reluctant to do grudging=unenthusiastic
149.知道 be aware of=be conscious of=be sensible of
150.with contempt=contemptuously轻蔑地 belittle蔑视
嘲笑 jeer(to shout or laugh at sb in an unkind way that shows you have no respect for them)=taunt(jeer at sb)=scoff at(to laugh or say things to show that you think sb or sth is stupid)=ridicule(to try to make sb or sth seem silly by making fun of them in an unkind way)=laugh at(to treat lightly/scoff at)=tease(to say sth to sb in order to have fun by embarrassing or annoying theme)=deride(to criticize sb or sth by suggesting that they are stupid, unimportant ,or useless)
嘲笑讥讽某人laugh at=mock at=poke fun at=make fun of=scoff at pour scorn on对……嗤之以鼻，藐视 disparage 鄙视=scorn=despise distain
轻视，贬抑--disdain despise reject scorn contempt derogate disparage depreciate
嘲笑，嘲讽--deride mock ridicule scorn sneer quip flout hack jape persiflage taunt
傲慢，专横--hauteur swagger imperious arrogance overbearing preemptory Scurrilous
Contemptuous haughty insolent arbitrary
151.classify A as B=categorize A as B
152.distastful=disgusting
153.hilarious=funny comic humorous laughable funny
154.严厉，斥责reprimand=censure
155.监视supervise=keep an eye on
157.同时in the meantime=meanwhile=at the same time=at precisely the same moment=in the process
158.undertake to do sth=promise to do sth
159.can’t help doing sth=It is difficult to be tempted to=find it impossible to resist the temptation to do
160.get used to=be accustomed to=be conditioned to
161.extremely=exceptionally Exceptionally=extraordinarily
162.as it were=in other words
换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it another way，to put it from another angle
163.where are you going?=what’s your destination?
164.i don’t know about=it is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation of…
165.i like swimming=for me, swimming has the same peculiar fascination which football has for the football players
166.exciting=exhilarating
167.sth be hidden from view/sight=I can’t see/hear sth.
168.it is extremely uncertain/dubious/suspicious skepticism=doubt
be dubious on=be skeptical about sth=be suspicious=be incredulous=be doubtful
give suspicion to对……怀疑
169.严峻的紧急的pressing=urgent=exigent=imperative
170.gaily=cheerfully 愉快的，高兴的merry=jovial=cheerful=joyous=glad=gleeful
高兴的: delightful/ happy/ hilarious/ exultant/ gleeful/ joyous/ exalted/ blessed/ pleasing/ amusing Happy=jovial (if someone is jovial, s/he is happy and behaves in a cheerful way)
Happy: delightful, delectable, elated, glad, overjoyed, pleased, jubilant, merry, joyful,
overjoyed merrily cheerfully
表示“让我高兴”的词汇：
Amuse gladden bring a smile to my face cheer me up fill me with joy
Please me entertain gratify brighten my day delight me make me happy
171.set out to do sth=set about doing sth=embark on the task of doing sth.
172.为做什么事而走极端go as far as to=go to extremes to do
173.boast=blow one’s trumpet=blow one’s horn
boast of (or about) 吹嘘 brag about 夸张的--stilted lofty
夸张，吹牛--vaunt exaggerate bombast overstate full-blown overdo magnify Amplify
174.sleep like a log=sleep soundly.
175.carve=engrave=inscribe 刻写
176.forebear=forefather祖先，祖宗
177.put sb in charge=give sb authority
178.keep a straight face=keep serious
179.be subject to：⑴屈服于under the authority of sb/sth ⑵受……的影响influenced by
180.luscious=sweet+juicy
181.find an answer to sth=solve
182.stand to do sth=is likely to
183.excessively=unduly过分地 过多的: excessive/ redundant/ overabundant/ inordinate
184.mortally=fatally 致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal
致命的：fatal/ lethal前两个并非贬义/ pernicious极其有害的
185.deliberate故意的= Intentional adj.故意的=purposely
intentionally=deliberately=advisedly=purposely=on purpose=by design
186.intruder=invader intrusive
187.boring=dreary=dull=tedious=monotonous=tiresome=tedium=tediousness or boredom=pedestrian（还有步行者的意思）
boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)
188.lineage宗系，世系，血统 stock世系，血统 origin出身，血统 ancestry家系，血统
Extraction血统，家世，出身 descent血统，世系
189.endow=donate捐赠
190.auspicious=lucky
191.prohibit…from=shield…from=prevent…from=hinder sb from sth阻碍 impede
Hamper/impede/hinder/get in the way/encumber/obstruct/fetter
ban=prohibit=embargo禁止 be in the way (=obstructive) 碍事, 阻碍
shield=protect shield sth from sth
Safeguard(to protect sth or sb from being harmed or having problems),protect(to keep sb or sth safe from harm,injury,damage,or loss),shield(to protect sth,usually from being hit,touched,or seen),secure(to make an area or building safe),defend(to protect sb or sth from attack),guard(to protect sb or sth from sth dangerous or unpleasant )
阻碍：动词hamper = encumber造成负担/ foil/ stymie/ thwart阻碍或者挫败工作完成/ handicap/ hinder/ impede/ retard
stunt：prevent (sth/sb) from growing or developing properly
192.职位 opening=vacancy=post=position
193.relatively=comparatively相对来讲地
194.be responsible for=be obligated to负责于 obligation 替换duty
be accountable to sb/for …对什么事情负责
answer for (undertake responsibility for，be liable for，take charge for)对…负责、保证(guarantee)
in charge of(=responsible for)负责(某事)
195.be accepted=be enrolled被录取
196.individuals characters folks Dwellers,citizens代替people person
thing的替代：item object goods massity、 matter case affair event
197.dreadful unfavorable poor adverse有害的代替bad
198.Surging=accelerating
199.超出超越Surpass=exceed, outrun outtake outperform=surpass
超过: surpass—eclipse/exceed/override/overwhelming/prevail/transcend/ be superior to/ outwit / outweigh /
200.Sustain=maintain
201.Sustenance=fare food and drink=livelihood
202.Supplement补充=extension扩展，延伸
203.Supreme=greatest in importance=outstanding
204.Succinct=concise=brief=laconic
205.abduction=kidnapping绑架
206.Sumptuous诸多的，奢侈的=lavish=luxurious奢侈的=extravagant=prodigal
luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)
浪费的，挥霍的--prodigal extravagant lavish spendthrift wasteful squander
富裕的：rich- affluent/ lavish/ luxurious/ opulent/ sumptuous/ palatial
rich, wealthy--affluent, opulent(society, life-style)
wealthy，well off，affluent，prosperous, fat, fertile, productive , ample, copious, plenteous, plentiful
207.Unsubstantiated=unverified
208.广阔的宽阔的spacious=capacious广阔的面积大的
209.Substitute=replacement/ in place of replace=substitute supersede=replace
210.Subsidize=to assist or support with Subside=finance to supply funds to
on the patronage of/ under the auspices of
capital / fund: 解决社会问题时一般都会提到需要投资，可以用到这两个单词，替代money
211.subtle =slight subtle潜移默化的
222.subside=financing
223.subject to=expose to, susceptible to在……条件下；易受……的侵袭；受……控制= be vulnerable to
be compatible with 容易遭受到什么影响 environment is fragile and compatible with human activities.
be likely to fall prey to …/ be vulnerable to …容易遭受到什么影响
fragile=brittle=vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
fragile易碎的=delicate（精美的，精细的，易碎的，易受伤害的，精密的）
精致的: elegant/ delicate/ elaborate
224.stretch=A continuous or unbroken length, area, or expanse=span
225.common=universal=ubiquitous=pervasive 普遍的 shared 代 common
everywhere(in every place or part)=ubiquitous(existing or being everywhere at the same time)=omnipresent(present in all places at all times)=widespread(widely extended or spread out)=all-over(covering the surface of sth completely)=pervasive(pervading or tending to pervade)=universal(involving all the members of a group or society)=worldwide(extended throughout or involving the entire world)
worldwide international, cosmopolitan, global, universal
prevalent=prevailing=prevalent=trendy=popular=in vogue 普及: popularization/ prevalence
be popular with=enjoy popularity=be in good odor
Rampant:特指有害的东西泛滥，比如疾病，犯罪等，并且难于控制。H1n1 Virus is rampant in the world.甲流世界泛滥
common=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)
the proliferation of 常指污染或互联网的普及或扩散。The proliferation of nuclear pollution is the most dangerous.
226.bargain=haggle
227.stick=adhere=cling
228.near=adjacent=adjoin
near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)
229.pursue=woo=seek for=aspire after
pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it.FORMAL)
230.accurate=precise=exact
accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)
231.vague=obscure vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)
unclear(not obvious, definite , or easy to understand)=vague(not clearly or fully explained----be vague about sth.)=indefinite(not clear)=obscure(not clearly expressed or not easy to understand)= indistinct=(not clear or sharply defined)
232.top=peak, summit peak=maximum
233.competitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)对手 adversary对手 antagonist对手
234.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
应该受到谴责的：形容词reprehensible
谴责：condemn= censure/ denounce/ reprimand/ decry/ deprecate/ deplore叹惋/ lament 叹惋 / remonstrate争辩，申辩
责备：admonish/ reproach/ reprove温和的责备
严厉责备：动词 berate/ castigate/ chastise/ chide/ excoriate/ inveigh/ rail/ revile/ upbraid
235.opinion=perspective=standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
236.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired)=reputation
好的名声：reputation = esteem/ prestige
坏的名声：disgrace/ disrepute/ ignominy/ infamy/ odium/ opprobrium/ stigma 不好的声誉，耻辱。
237.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL)= establish
建立 to build up; to establish; to set up; to found; to take root; to strike root
Building=edifice (ATTENTION: an edifice is a large and impressive building)
238.warmhearted热心肠的=zealous热心的=intense热情的
239.complain=grumble(complain something in a bad-tempered way)
lament=complain about
Yammer(to utter persistent complaints),complain(to express grief,pain,or discontent),gripe(to complain with grumbling),grumble(to mutter in discontent),moan(to complain about sth,in a way that other people find annoying),whine(to complain with or as if with a plaintive,high-pitched,protracted sound)
place a complaint against sth
哀悼，后悔，哀叹--deplore bemoan regret lament dirge bewail repent
240.kidnap绑架=abduct
241.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
mitigate缓解减轻=relieve=ease
242.任命appoint=nominate
243.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)
244.milieu: general environment or surroundings
245.Lonely=solitary(if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)
246.small=minuscule(very small), minute
小的: slight/ tiny/ microscopic/ small/ diminutive/ minuscule
Small: minimum, diminutive, minute, petite, wee, undersized, teeny, tiny, little, petite（女子身高娇小）
247.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political) accolade
speak highly of=pay tribute to赞扬，称赞=heap praise on=applaud sb (for sth因某事)
speak ill of 说…的坏话; speak badly of speak well of 说…的好话 speak highly of
be given credit for… 为…受到称赞
赞扬--extol compliment glorify laud praise commend acclaim eulogize eucomium
颂词，表扬--laud eulogy ode hymn
赞扬：名次praise= accolade赞美，奖项/ approbation/ encomium/ eulogy/ panegyric/ plaudit/ tribute/ tribute用来表示赞美的行为或者发言
No creature has received more praise and abuse than sth ----- sth has been praised or abused most
赞美：动词praise = acclaim/ applaud/ hail欢呼/ commend/ extol/ laud高度的，常常带有美化成分的赞美
248.loyalty=allegiance忠诚 Loyalty=fidelity (fidelity is loyalty to a person, or organization, or set of beliefs)
devotion / loyalty 忠实/忠诚；/faith /faithfulness /fidelity 忠实/诚实；allegiance忠贞， 效忠;
integrity 诚实
249.注册登记enrollment=register
250.illness=disease=aliment小病
251.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)=shy away from
252.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)=equitable=unbiased=evenhanded balanced/ equitable 平等的
Without irony公平地，公正地=fairly=impartially=
253.attack=assault (physically attack someone)=assail (attack violently)
254.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)
hate(to dislike sb or sth very much)=detest(to dislike very much)=loathe(to dislike sb or sth in intensely )=abhor(to dislike sth very much especially when you think it is immoral)=disgust(to cause sb to feel revulsion or profound disapproval)=abominate(to hate sth because you think it is extremely offensive, unpleasant, or wrong)=hatred仇恨、极度愤怒=resent敌视，憎恨= enmity=animosity敌意、憎恨 have/feel a great repugnance to Feel repulsion for/ towards (have a sense of repulsion)
255.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)=destroy(to damage sth so severely that it no longer exists or can never return to its normal state)=demolish(to deliberately destroy a building)=wreck(to severely damage a vehicle or building)=eradicate(to get rid of sth completely, especially sth bad)=raze(to completely destroy a building or town)=obliterate(to destroy sth completely) vandalize dilapidate
毁坏，毁灭：destroy/ annihilate彻底消灭/ exterminate终结/ eliminate/ eradicate/ decimate/ demolish/ dismantle/ raze 彻底摧毁夷为平地/ devastate/ ravage/ wreck遭受重创，严重破坏/ obliterate擦去/ pulverize 磨成粉末状/ subvert 颠覆
Destroy: ruin, raze, annihilate, crush, demolish, devastate, eradicate, shatter, wipe out, wreck, obliterate, weaken, undermine…
损害：harm = blemish/ deface/ disfigure/ eviscerate/ impair减损/main mutilate毁伤肢体/ mar/spoil破坏 demolish
256.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)
Warm(kind and friendly in a way that makes other people feel comfortable)=enthusiastic(very interested in sth or excited by it)=ardent(feeling or showing a particular emotion very strongly, especially in support of sb or sth)=cordial(warm and sincere; friendly )=fervent(very enthusiastic and sincere, especially about sth you believe in or support)=wholehearted全心全意的，热心的
257.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful, or with no sound), serene(calm and quiet),peaceful(calm and free from disturbance),placid(calm and without a lot of action or movement),pacific(peaceful in character or intent),still(not moving),sedate(quiet or slow,and not likely to shock people or attract attention),restful(relaxing and with no noise)=reticent =mute= muted
Quiet（制造非常小的噪音或者声响）
258.expensive(costing lots of money)=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)=costly=valuable(having considerable monetary or material value for use or exchanging)=invaluable(valuable beyond estimation)=precious(worth a lot o money)=priceless(very valuable and impossible to replace)= at a premium
259.esteem=respect+admire
respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her.FORMAL)
尊重：respect = reverence/ veneration/ homage
venerable=commanding respect=worship; adoration
尊重：动词idolize/ worship/ lionize 对待名人一样的崇拜/ revere敬爱，敬畏
260.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)
261.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)=寒冷的chilly=frigid
262.hot=boiling(very hot) 闷热的sultry=scorching=torrid酷热的
263.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous )=hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)=risky=threatening=parlous=perilous danger=peril=hazard= jeopardy threaten=endanger
pose a threat to sth对……构成威胁 at the risk of (=with danger of)冒…的风险
危险的：hazardous/ perilous/ precarious/ treacherous
Dangerous: perilous, breakneck, chancy (informal), hazardous, insecure, precarious, risky, unsafe, vulnerable
264.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive =merely=barely=solely distinctive=particular
unique=distinctive
265.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing) brake, halt, pause
stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, conclude adjourn lull Surcease, cessation
Stop: halt, cease, conclude, desist, end, pause, put an end to, quit, refrain, shut down, terminate…
266.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)
267.pathetic=lamentable=uncomfortable+disappointing
268.spoil宠坏，溺爱=cosset
269.appear=emerge(come into existence) loom(appear important or threatening)
come forth
270.wet=moist(slightly wet)=damp(slightly wet)=humid(very damp and hot)
dampen=moisten使潮湿
271.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct) misleading: “误导的，错误的”，替代wrong
Incorrect/ inaccurate/ wrong/ indefensible/ inadequate/ unconvincing
272.change=convert(change into another form) =alter=transform改变（多指改头换面，完全改变，不能用于形容slight change）=modify修改调整=tailor(To make, alter, or adapt for a particular end or purpose:为某一特定目的或目标而制做、修改或调整：)
change--alter, alteration, modify, modification
273.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)
274.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger)=prudent(careful and sensible)=discreet=circumspect(careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences)=wary(marked by ken caution, cunning, and watchfulness especially in detecting and escaping danger)=vigilant(alertly watchful especially to avoid danger)=alert(watchful and prompt to meet danger or emergency)=deliberate 谨慎小心的 attentive注意的, 留意的
circumspect考虑周到的=careful=meticulous
guard against: “留心、警惕”，后面使用名词型结构。
be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”，后面接消极概念。 precautious=alert
275.行话slang=jargon
276.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)=peculiar
eccentric=bizarre=weird=outlandish=odd=quaint
277.rich=affluent（形容人）
278.use=utilize(the same as use) vt.利用 make use of=take advantage of=exploit
employ: “采纳，采用”，与表示“观点，方法，政策，法令”等英语单词搭配使用，用来替代adopt resort to采取 apply to sth=resort to sth 与…有关；适用
optimize social resources allocation (优化资源配置)
279.机智的resourceful=tactful机智的，老练的
280.be satisfied with=be gratified by
281.short=fleeting=ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)
短暂的ephemeral ; transitory ; transient ; short-lived
282.scholarship=fellowship
283.angry=enraged=indignant愤怒的=furious(be furious with sb at sth)=be in a fury愤怒
With fury愤怒地
rage / anger/ fury/ annoyance /anguish/irritation 生气，怒火; indignation义愤填膺，愤慨
Angry: annoyed, cross, displeased, enraged, exasperated, incensed, infuriated, irate, mad (informal), livid (informal), berserk, outraged, resentful...
284.smelly=malodorous臭的
285.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)=unattractive (with an ugly appearance or unpleasant or not enjoyable)=homely
(not good looking)=unsightly(unpleasant to look at;ugly)=plain(lacking beauty)
286.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)= various
287.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)
288.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly) rapid=prompt=fleet=expeditious expeditiously=quickly and efficiently
289.平常的ordinary=世俗的mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)
290.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)
291.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)
Second to none ---best
bear/ stand no comparison with
skill beyond comparison/ praise
nothing can be compared with
292.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen )
293.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)=confuse(to make sb unable to think clearly)=bewilder(to make sb feel confused)=befuddle(to make sb very confused and unable to think clearly)=confound(to throw a person into confusion or surprise )=mystify(to make sb confused through lack of understanding)=baffle(to defeat by confusing or puzzling)=disorient(to make sb confused about where they are; to make sb unable think clearly)
令人迷惑：puzzle = baffle/ befuddle/ bewilder/ confound/ mystify/ perplex
enigmatic=puzzling
294.method=avenue(away of getting something done) in XXX means=via XXX avenue
方式方法manner way method means approach technique channel
strategy: “策略”，其实也就是“方法手段”的含义，自然就可以替代method，way等单词。
…is a good vehicle for 什么是做什么事情的方法~
295.famous=distinguished(be used to describe people who are successful in their career)=prominent杰出的=eminent卓越杰出的=eminent(important,respected,and admired)=renowned(famous and admired for a special skill or achievement)=celebrated(famous and praised and praised by many people)=notable=elite杰出的=brilliant=remarkable=outstanding=excellent=supreme=extraordinary= matchless无敌的= foremost=illustrious
著名的：famous = celebrated/ renowned/ reputed/ distinguished/ illustrious/ prestigious/ outstanding/ distinctive/ eminent/ notable/ noticeable/ striking/ remarkable/ preeminent
elite= meritocrat (meritocracy n.知识界精华)(用上的话超级有文采~嘻嘻)
be famous for = take pride in
296.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)=古时的古老的antique
297.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)=garnish(to enhance in appearance by adding decorative touches)=adorn(enhance the appearance of, especially beautiful objects) ornate、ornamental、ornamentation=decorate、decorative、decoration
298.treasure=cherish=adore=idolize极度喜爱或者仰慕=appreciate
299.rare=infrequent(doesn’t happen often) scarce=rare dearth（A scarce supply; a lack.）
300.rapacious=greedy and selfish
individualistic / selfish / self-centered: 都是“自私的”含义，可以交替使用
301.stringent=severe=strict严厉的=stern(serious and severe)=harsh(extremely severe or exacting)=
Rigorous(very strict or severe)
302.stimulus=incentive=motivate 鼓励motivate inspire incentive instigate stimulate
激励excite=arouse=stir=provoke=incite=stimulate
impetus / incentive/ motive /motivation/ momentum/ push/ spur/ driving force 动力，推动力，鞭策
Give sb incentive to sth./to do sth/to doing sth.激发某人做某事
Motivate sb to do sth.激发某人做某事
…is a main driving force behind 什么东西是背后的驱动力。
conduce to academic performance有助学习表现
303.strain=tension紧张
nervous=anxious=stressed=uneasy=high-strung
304.stationary=fixed=immobile dormant= inactive
305.status=standing
306.sticky=adhesive=adhere=cement
307.staggering=causing great astonishment, amazement, or dismay; overwhelming
308.speculate about=assume=hypothesize
309.spark=active=bring about
A bring about B -> A is to serve as a catalyst（催化剂）for B
Eg. The use of media in the twenties was to serve as a catalyst for the revolutionary ideas that were circulation.
310.spawn=give rise to=create=give birth to
lead to= give rise(birth) to“引发，导致…的出现”，积极消极概念都可以使用。还有trigger
result in bring about 带来, 引起: generate/ produce/ give rise to/ engender
Create/generate/invent/give rise to/originate/produce/construct/make/conceive
spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate breed, create, incur 导致
311.solemn=earnest+serious+sober
312.slope=declivity
313.纪念品memento=souvenir
314.snap=break
314.signify=mean=denote
315.adverse=negative
316.优雅的graceful=elegant= polished雅致大方的=cultured有教养的，有修养的=polite
317.aesthetical=artistica审美的，艺术的
318.attachment (to)=preference (for)
319.simultaneously=concurrently=at the same time
320.口头的verbal=oral
321.通晓，熟悉familiarity=proficiency
322.brave=fearless=courageous=heroic=manful=daring=bold=gallant
Daring=audacious (someone who is audacious takes risk to achieve something)
323.unexpected=unanticipated
324.scent=perfume
325.scale=ascend=climb
增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to
增长: grow—multiply/mushroom/proliferate/ sprout/accelerate/ burgeon(慢慢增长)
使其增长: increase--amplify/ magnify/ add-augment/ supplement
加重，升级 aggravate (恶化) / escalate/ exacerbate/ deteriorate/ impair/decimate
exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon
上升: ascend—lift / surge/ rocket/ boast/ soar/ boom
达到顶峰 culminate 顶点: peak—acme/apex/ pinnacle/ climax/ apogee n.远地点/ zenith(nadir最低点 or abyss深渊) (zenith&nadir特别适合用在比喻 强调两者的区别大~两个词的来源大家可以查查~两个对比强烈哦 ) Escalate
增长和减少(这个超级常用!)
increase rise extend magnify decrease reduce fall amplify aggrandize
elongate intensify enhance prolong strengthen curtail shrink terminate
lessen abate raise boost intense(intensify) expand augment enlarge diminish
dwindle（swindle是诈骗的意思） slump
降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to， slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to, level to
减少，减弱: decrease—abate/attenuate/ detract/ diminish/ slacken/curb/ curtail/ (number)pare/ prune/ slash/ trim/ whittle/
减轻decrease---allay/ assuage/ mollify/ soothe/mitigate/
变弱decrease—dwindle/ ebb/ subside/ wane/ weaken/ impair
下降: descend/ plummet/ plunge/ slump/ tumble (fluctuate波动)
增长和减少(这个超级常用!)
increase rise extend magnify decrease reduce fall amplify aggrandize elongate intensify enhance prolong strengthen curtail shrink terminate lessen abate raise boost intense(intensify) expand augment enlarge diminish dwindle（swindle是诈骗的意思）slump
326.sanitation=health
327.textile=cloth=fabric
328.terrestrial=land=terrain
329.创造create=发明创造invent=发明设计devise=发明，创造originate
330.temporarily=lasting, used for a limited temporary= transient临时的，暂时的
331.time=makeshift
332.usher in：to precede and introduce; inaugurate=begin
333.swift(happening quickly or immediately)=speedy(characterized by rapid motion)=hasty(done in a hurry because you do not have much time)=winged(moving fast) at a rapid pace/speedily
Fast：swift, quick, rapid, speedy, hasty, nippy, like lightning,
+hurry (v): hustle, rush, make haste, tear, step on it, dash, get a move on, step on it, scoot.
334.unravel弄清=separate and clarify=discover发现
find out-- ascertain(the cause of sth, the truth of sth, whether sth. is true or not, what really happened etc) discern, discover(the cause of, factors behind sth, etc)
335.undoubtedly=unquestionably=without doubt =indubitably adv.无疑地
336.undergo=experience
337.unadorned=without adornment or embellishment=simple=plain
338.
339.variable=changeable=unstable
340.vivid=graphic
341.witness目击=observe
342.遗迹，废墟ruin=remains遗迹，遗骸 remnant=remains剩余，残余 残留物残余物 relic=remain=remnant
343.adjunct辅助=addition附加
344.coarse粗糙=rough粗糙
345.collectively=together
346.conclusive最后的，结论性的=definitive最后的，确定性的
347. rumor/gossip 谣言；传闻
348.condone=mercy宽恕
349.contemporary当代的=existing现存的 in contemporary society = in present-day society= in this day and age
350.considerable=substantial显著的conspicuous dramatic drastic
351.consort=associate合伙人，伴侣
352.consult商量=counsel商量
353.格言谚语adage=格言谚语byword=proverb谚语=motto座右铭格言= aphorism格言，谚语，警语
354.天真的naïve(marked by unaffected simlicity)=innocent(not very experienced concerning life and tend to trust people too much)=ingenuous(easy to believe everything that people tell them)=childlike(similar to the way a child looks, behaves, or thinks, and usually pleasant for reason)=unworldly(trusting other people too much and being therefore easily tricked)
356.daring=bold大胆的
357.适当的suitable=fitting=apt=proper=appropriate=becoming fitting
合适的: suitable/ advisable/ sound/ temperate/ rational/ preferable/ reliable/ fitting/ modest/ moderate
358.disseminate传播=spread散步/impart传播/inform传播=diffuse散开，散布 disperse=spread
disseminate/spread knowledge传播知识
散开：spread- dispel(驱散)/ disperse/ disseminate
359.mysterious=enigmatic=inscrutable=cryptic=unfathomable=mystical=arcane
360.embrace接受者=recipient接受者，收件人
361.entomb=trap埋葬，使陷于……之中
362.poor=penniless=destitute=impoverished
poverty-stricken，destitute，impoverished
(deserving or inciting pity- Galsworthy):
hapless, miserable, misfortunate, pathetic, piteous, pitiable, pitiful, wretched
贫困的：poor= destitute/ impoverished/ impecunious/ indigent (形容人)
不足的: insufficient/ scanty/ meager/ needy/ poor/ scarce/ devoid/ empty/ lacking
稀少的：scarce/ meager/ scant/ scanty/ skimpy/ sparse/ dearth
缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack (of)/ short (of)/shortage
缺少 deficiency=lack be in short supply处于短缺状态 lack of=devoid of=in the absence of
absence of mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉
363.execute按计划和设计做成，制成
364.expedient=makeshift权宜之计
365.exponential leaps=rapid increases几何级数般的跳跃；快速增加 skyrocket=increase rapidly
366.合作collaboration=coordination=cooperation
367.instance=case
368.大风gale=cyclone飓风，龙卷风=hurricane飓风=typhoon台风=tornado龙卷风
369.instantaneous=immediate
370.明智的judicious=wise=sage=sagacious=thoughtful=astute
acumen=witty=wisdom明智的
371.accessible=reachable
372.intervention=influence
373.沼泽bog=marsh=swamp
374.悬崖，峭壁bluff=cliff
375.maneuver=trick
376.margin=edge verge=edge
377.minute=tiny
378.占星术astrology=horoscope
379.minuscule=tiny
380.monopolize=dominate
381.不幸地：unluckily= unfortunately
382.secret=convert(not openly practiced, avowed, engaged in, accumulated, or shown)=confidential(done or communicated)=private(used only by a particular person orgroup, or available only to them)=stealthy(marked by or acting with quiet, caution intended to avoid notice)=clandestine(secret and often illegal) secret=conceal/cache
on the sly (=under the table) 偷偷地
秘密的，偷偷的--cryptic furtive covert covered hidden hideaway shelter veiled
in confidence推心置腹地；秘密地
383.novel=innovative
创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive (-tion)/ innovative (-tion)/ creative (-tion)/ ingenious (ity)/novel (-ty) =>[n]/creative/revolutionary
384.outline概要=summarization概述
385.盥洗室toilet=lavatory=washroom
386.peculiar=distinctive独特的
387.plateau高原=tableland
388.渴望long to do/long for=yearn for=hunger for./after=desire to do sth=crave for sth =thirst for=hanker after/for sth hanker to do sth=wish for=pine for=anticipate期待 替换want
389.decimate=slaughter大屠杀 holocaust=massacre大屠杀
decimation=destruction
灾祸
Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,
Misfortune, hapless, mishap,
390.possible=probable=likely=potential=conceivable=imaginable
Potential=latent (used to describe something hidden or not obvious at the moment, but which can develop further in the future) in some cases/situations
possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)
applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”，用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语
391.可靠的reliable=trusty=credible=trustworthy=dependable
confide in (=trust in)信任
392.on a later occasion=then=afterwards
393.harmony和谐，融洽=rapport和睦
394.hovice新手=green hand
395.敲诈勒索blackmail=extortion
396.be bent on doing sth=be concentrated on doing sth.=bury oneself in=dedicate to
397.in the light of=according to=in respect of=with regard to
398.screw sth up=mess sth up弄砸了某事
399.cease to do=stop doing 停止: stop/ cease/ halt/ terminate/ end/ finish/ conclude
400.in time=promptly
401.punctually=on time=on schedule
402. on one's own account为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益
（1）(=at one’s own risk)自行负责 I told him if he withdrew it was on his own account.
（2）(=by oneself)依靠自 She had plans to set up in business on her own account.
（3）为了某人的缘故，为了某人自己的利益
403.be trapped in=be stuck in
404.慷慨的generous=lavish(impressive and very expensive)=bountiful=unsparing= sumptuous(grand and very expensive) Generous=munificent (very generous, FORMAL)
405.提供 provide sb with sth=supply sb with sth=offer sb sth=provide a supply of=furnish sb with sth=accommodate sb with sth提供 vield=provide=produce
satisfy/accommodate/meet the needs of… 满足需求
提供: provide/ supply/ furnish/ give/ render/ accommodate
406.商品 commodity commodities经济学术语中的商品 goods上架商品 wares放在仓库中未上架的商品
407.experienced=veteran=seasoned=professional=practiced=worldly-wise
408.can’t wait to do sth=crane one’s heck to do sth=be craned to do sth
409.adjust/adapt/familiarize/acquaint/accomodate oneself to doing sth gear=adjust gear= coincide
adapt…(for)(=make sth suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)
410.stem from=originate from=arise from=result from源自=ensue from=来源于come from= derive from= spring from derive=obtain得自
…is the cradle（摇篮，发源地） of…
411.come into fashion=go into raptures
412.主人host master host的反义词为guest，两人为主客关系 master反义词为servant主仆
413.inhabitant=dweller居民=citizen法律意义上的 Denizen=inhabitant居民
414.primitive adj.原始的（低级落后之意） pristine adj.单纯的，无邪的，原始的
Original adj.原创性的原始 crude 未加工的，原始的 raw原始的，未加工的
415.in the event of=in case of如果发生…万一
416.intoxicated by=depressed by
令人沮丧：depressed= with depression/ frustrating/ daunting/ dismal/
417.be=appear to be=be considered to be=seem to be
418.Irresistible adj.不可抗拒的=overwhelming
419.路线route=itinerary
420.Manifest v.表明，揭示=reveal=show
揭示: reveal/ exhibit/ expose/ disclose/ unveil/ show/ transpire/ indicate/ denote
be indicative of 表明, 说明 同义替换：= indicate
展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict,present, represent, describe,unfold,indicate,exhibit
证明prove/ show/ confirm/ verify
Show: convey, reveal, express, corroborate, justify, imply, verify, clarify, signify, exemplify, illuminate, substantiate, demonstrate, elucidate, expound, denote, characterized as, instruct, display, disclose, indicate, means, explain, give an/a example (reason, explanation) of, bear out, point out, point toward…
421.dugout=canoe独木舟
422.重音accent=stress
423.ignore=neglect=overlook=omit=be blind to
neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)
be oblivious to （最重）/ ignore（重）/neglect（轻） 忽视
424.oblivious(not noticing sth or not knowing about it)=unconscious(not aware)=forgetful(marked by neglectful or heedless failure to remember)=unaware(not realizing that sth exists or is happening)=mindless(showing little attention or care)
425.consumer=customer shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer
426. at the expense/cost of以……为代价
427.dismiss解雇=fire=lay off=unemployed=shelve解雇
discharge sb. (from)…for 因…解雇, 开除=dismiss sb. From… for
428.canteen 、cafeteria、 dining hall都是餐厅
429.flagrant=notorious臭名昭著的=infamous
臭名昭著：disreputable = infamous/ notorious/ nefarious因为极坏而臭名昭著
430.Simulate=imitate=mimic模仿=copy simulation模仿
431.Auxiliary=ancillary辅助的=subsidiary accessory附加的, 附属的; 帮凶的, 同谋的; 辅助的; 非主要的
432.clutch=catch抓住=snatch
433.appease平息，绥靖=placate
434.treacherous叛逆的（老师教的很多人都叛逆）=contrary
435.attest证明=testify bear testimony to证明=testify to=give proof to
436.porcupine豪猪=boar野猪=piglet小猪=swine=pig=sow dog=puppy bunny=rabbit
437.过失，行为不良delinquency=sin过失，罪过
438.sex=gender
439.nonchalant=indifferent冷漠的无情的=apathetic 冷漠的冷淡的indifferent=passive
indifference/coldness/insensitivity 冷漠，无情 inexorable无情的
be indifferent to (=not interested in)对…漠不关心, 冷淡, 不在乎
440.矿石mineral=ore
441.predominance=dominance Predominate=dominate predominant=dominant supremacy至高无上的
442.facilitate=promote使容易，使便利 boost推进
give a boost to
443.conjecture v.推测=guess
444.Relinquish=give up
445.Licit=legitimate illegitimate=illicit
446.pronounce发音，说=declare
447.Abrupt突然的，唐突的=sudden
448.审判trial=justice
449.flourish 繁荣=prosper thrive繁荣，兴旺 flourish繁荣茂盛 boom繁荣 prosperity繁荣
palmy burgeon
成熟 burgeon mature ripen
450.vitamin=revive
复苏，复兴 动词：revive= rejuvenate/ resurrect/ resuscitate/ revive
451.recreation娱乐=leisure=entertainment
452.reciprocal=mutual相互的，互惠互利的
453.Edify v.启发=enlighten=illuminate
454.enroll登记，记入名册=register
455.Seism=earthquake
456.包围beset(to hem in), besiege(to surround a place with an army and prevent the people there from getting food and supplies),surround(to be all around or on all sides of someone or something),siege(to surround with hostile forces),encircle(to completely surround something)=blockade(to prevent people or goods from moving from one place to another)
457.Indict控告，起诉=sue accuse sb of sth.=prosecute sb for sth=charge sb with sth
458.Vigorous adj.有精力的，有活力的=energetic
459.beyond dispute 无可争议= indisputable incontrovertible=indisputable无可置疑的
无须质疑地： indisputably=undeniably beyond question 无可争辩
460.confine 空间区域的限制 limit数值上的限制 unrestricted=unlimited= infinite
threshold=limit n.极限 constrain=limit smother
461.论文：essay paper dissertation thesis专题论文
462.各付各的go Dutch=split the bill
463.培养cultivate/foster nurture养育，教养，同样可以指培养人才 foster=encourage develop也表示培养
协助促进：aid = facilitate/ foster/ nurture/ buttress/
464.优点merit and superiority 优点: excellence/ merit/ strongpoint/ virtue
advantage=benefit=superiority=merit=favorable aspects/respects/perspectives=undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives
advantage=benefit=superiority=merit=favorable aspects/respects/perspectives=desirable aspects/respects/perspectives
disadvantage=detriment=inferiority=defect=deficiency=unfavorable aspects/respects/perspectives=undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives
好处: advantage/ behoof好处, 利益/ benefit/ gain/ good/ stead
优势：Advantage, merit(功勋，长处）,virtue（美德，贞操，优点）,benefit, upside, strength，ascendency（优势,优越）,ascendant（幸运星，优势）,dominance（支配地位，优势）,predominance（主导地位，优势）,preponderance(数量上的优势）,superiority（优越性，盛气凌人的行为）
465.缺点：demerit and (minor)drawback defect: “缺点，不足”，用来替代“shortcoming”和disadvantage。 weakness 缺点: bug/ disfigurement/ limitation/ objection/ vice/ lacuna/ defect
disadvantage=detriment=inferiority=defect=deficiency=unfavorable aspects/respects/perspectives =undesirable aspects/respects/perspectives imperfection（something imperfect: a defect or flaw） failing drawback/ fault/ defect/ imperfection/ failing/ weakness/ shortcoming/ flaw
缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness, defect, fault, flaw, imperfection, blemish，shortcoming.
be inferior to（劣于）= be subordinate to
Disadvantage: shortcoming, weakness, inconvenience, drawback, deficiency, flaw, handicap (also v. 妨碍), downside, limitation.
466.不同的，各自的diverse/respective
467.外向的extroverted/out-going/courageous
468.内向的introverted/conservative/cautious
469.actually=as a matter of fact=in fact= Virtually；virtually=almost completely
utterly=completely wholly completely entirely totally utterly
virtually=practically
事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that
core=essence in essence(=By nature；essentially)本质上
470.be aware of=know=be conscious of=have an insight into sth对……有深入了解
know--be aware of, conversant with, familiar with
471.令人感动的：moving touching absorbing
472.facility=infrastructure
473.放映screening=showing
474.有争议的controversial=contentious=disputable=debated=debatable
475.overflow=spill
476.迅猛增长soar=go up
477.by no means=on no accounts绝不=under no circumstances绝不= On no occasion
on no consideration (in no case)无论如何也不
478.under any circumstances=by all means无论如何 at any rate (=at all events)无论如何,总之
in any event(=whatever happens in the future)无论如何，不管(将来)怎么样
478.profound深刻的，深远的=far-reaching
479.cipher=code密码 decode=decipher解码
480.fierce/heated competition激烈的竞争 热门的heated=focused
competition-strife-rivalry
481.populate=in habit居住
482.bustle and hustle忙忙碌碌的=busy=be bound up in热衷于，忙于 be bustling about忙着。。。=hum with sth.忙着做
483.trail=track=trace v.追踪 trace印记，痕迹=imprint
484.racial=ethnic种族的
485. expand one’s outlook=broaden/widen one’s horizons 拓展知识面
widen horizon/broaden one’s vision开阔视野
expand one’s scope of knowledge扩大知识面
486.职业：profession vocation occupation
487.Orthodox=conventional=traditional=customary=prescriptive
traditionally: “过去”，用于替代in the past
it’s traditional deal for sb to do---- traditional habit to do-
conventional
traditional, historical, past; accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinary
习俗惯例convention=custom习惯风俗=habitude习俗
488.out of date=obsolete
过时的outdated ; antiquated ; outmoded ; obsolete ; anachronistic
489.满足迎合meet/cater to
490.孙聪
1.持某观点 (认为): claim ( assert, contend, reckon, deem, believe, share the belief that, be convinced )
2.支持某观点: advocate
(maintain, vote for, agree with, consent, approve, be in favor of )
3.反对某观点: contradict (oppose, object to, criticize, refute, be against, cast doubt on, question, disprove反证, disapprove, challenge)
oppose; object; disagree; refute; reject; contradict; disapprove; is contrary to
4.合理的：justified ( sensible, feasible, convincing, hold water站得住脚, bear much analysis经得住分析)
5.好处： advantage (benefit, merit, positive/bright side, strength )
6.弊端: disadvantage( harm, demerit, negative/dark side, weakness, defect, flaw, drawback )
7.肯定：undoubtedly (indeed undeniably there is no denying that)
8.不确定：be likely to ( potentially presumably)
9.重要的：essential (significant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable, pivotal)
important=pivotal=valuable=invaluable
10.有益的：beneficial （conducive, instrumental, rewarding ） reap huge fruits
11.有害的：detrimental （harmful）
12.有争议的：controversial (arguable, debatable disputable, contentious)
13.普遍的：widespread ( prevalent, universal, pervasive, ubiquitous )
14.显著地：considerably (significantly, remarkably,
dramatically ,tremendously, substantially)
15.明显的：evident (apparent, manifest，obvious, crystal-clear)
16.增强：enhance (strengthen, boost)
17.减少：decline (descend, collapse, relieve)
18.大约： approximately（nearly, around, estimated, roughly）
19.趋势： trend（tendency, inclination）
20.预见： predict （expect, project）
21.带来 bring about (result in, lead to)
22.引起 create （spark, yield产生, cause, give rise to）
23.建立 establish （found, institute）
24.要求 call for （request，demand）
25.去除 eliminate（remove, eradicate）
26.探讨 explore (examine, identify)
27.描绘 depict (portray, illustrate) =describe
28.后果 consequence( aftermath; outcome)
29.足够 adequate （enough; sufficient）
30.解决 tackle ( resolve, address)
31.意识 awareness(consciousness)
32.控制 curb ( regulate, censor)
33.解释 account for （ be responsible for）
34.投资 finance (invest in, subsidize)
35.缓解 relieve ( ease, alleviate, alley)
36.压力 stress ( pressure, strain)
37.和谐 harmony ( concordance)
38.继承 inherit (hand down)
39.培养 cultivate （train, foster）
40.促进 promote ( contribute to, upgrade)
41.适应 adapt to (adjust to, acclimate to, accustom to)
42.提供 provide (render, afford)
43.替代 replace (substitute, take the place of)
44.保护 preserve (protect)
45.证据 evidence (proof)
46.赢得 gain (acquire, attain)
47.国外的 foreign( alien, exotic有异域风情的)
48.灾难 disaster (misfortune, catastrophe, cataclysm calamity) havoc大破坏, 浩劫
灾难：calamity/ cataclysm/ catastrophe
49.发展 advance (progress)
50.倾向于tend to ( be inclined to , be apt to)
51.吸引 attract (allure, tempt)
52.专注的 be absorbed in(be immersed in, immerse oneself in sth ，devote oneself to)
53.目的是aim at ( The purpose is )
54.实现 achieve (fulfill, implement)
55.危害 endanger ( threaten; jeopardize)
56.损害 undermine (impair, damage)
57.阻碍 hinder (obstruct, impede)
58.禁止 forbid (ban, prohibit) Inhibit sb.From doing sth. Preclude sb from doing sth
59.责备 blame( denounce, criticize)
60.污染 pollute (contaminate, stain)
Contaminate(to make sth dirty,polluted, or poisonous by adding a chemical, waste, or infection)=pollute(to make physically impure or unclean)=poison(to pollute)=blemish(to spoil by a flaw)=bolt(to spot, stain or spatter with a discoloring substance)
61.腐蚀 erode(wear away, corrode)
62.欺骗 deceive (cheat, defraud)
63.冲突 conflict ( shock, tension)
64.驱使 prompt (spur, incite)
65.贪婪的acquisitive (money-oriented, materialistic)
66.自私的 self-centered (selfish, inconsiderate)
67.体谅的considerate(understanding, sympathetic)
68． 冷漠的 indifferent (apathetic, aloof)
69． 奢侈的 wasteful (luxurious, extravagant)
70.残忍的 inhumane(brutal, barbaric)
71.绝望的 hopeless（despairing, desperate）
72.过分的 excessive (extravagant, exorbitant)
73.激烈的 intense形容关系 (fierce, vigorous, heated severe)
74.严厉的 stringent (rigorous, rigid)
rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的
75.奇怪的 eccentric (odd, peculiar)
76.难以置信的 unbelievable(incredible)
77.惊人的 extraordinary (marvelous, spectacular)
78.有抱负的 ambitious（aggressive, aspirant）
79.固有的 inherent（nature, innate）
80.稳定的 steady (stable, constant)
81.恶化 worsen (aggravate, deteriorate→n.deterioration)
82.夸大 exaggerate ( overstate)
83.限制 restrain (constrain, confine)
84.拆除 tear down（knock down, pull down）
85.加速 accelerate (speed up, precipitate,surge汹涌进行)
86.占优势 predominate (dominate)
87.分辨 distinguish (differentiate, discern)
88.抵消 counteract (offset, cancel out)
89.开展 launch (conduct, carry out)
90.颁布 enact (enforce, promulgate )
91.生活节奏 pace of life(rhythm of life, tempo of life)
92.影响 influence 对思想产生的影响(impact大的影响, affect)
93.差异 difference (distinction, gap)
94.交流 communicate(exchange, associate)
95.接触 have access to （make contact with, keep in touch with saturate oneself in埋头于。。。中）
96.优先 give priority to (put…into first place)
97.节约 economize ( conserve, cherish)
98.参与 participate in ( take part in, engage in)
99.措施 measure (step, action)
100.注意 beware ( pay attention to)
101.very=greatly=enormously=genuinely=magically
102.不是instead of rather than
103.投资finance invest in subsidize
491.可想而知的conceivable =imaginable
492.明星stars/celebrity/famous figure/superstar/pop stars
493. Based on the above consideration/analysis
494.时髦的流行的fashionable=stylish
495.striking=dramatic戏剧性的
496.lead=spearhead
497.platitude陈词滥调=cliché
498.faction拍戏，派别=side
499.Bursary=scholarship
500.Category分类=kind
501.约会date与爱情 appointment与工作
502.heavy=ponderous ponder=meditate
503.矛盾的irreconcilable reconcile paradox in contradiction to
504.可怜的deplorable=pathetic=miserable
505.伪装disguise camouflage
506.聚集aggregate=congregate=assemble Total=aggregate
507.dismiss sb./sth.From one’s mind忘掉某人、某事
508.不合适的improper(not accordance with accepted rules or standards)
509.十字路口crossing=intersection
510.时代era=epoch
511.沉溺于 be addicted to=indulge in=abandon oneself to= Be obsessed with被什么迷住
Be addicted to… /be preoccupied （时间，如电脑游戏）with…
512. agony/ misery/ sadness/ distress/ pain /suffering/ anguish/ grief / sorrow /woe / grief 痛苦，伤害, 悲哀 Sad=inconsolable (extremely sad and cannot be comforted)
disastrous – sad feel so dejected about___ ---- feel sad about___
513.in dread of害怕=fear=afraid of=frightened
514.少数民族minority=ethnicity
515.主动地on one’s own initiative
516.end with=culminate in以……告终
517.by the way=incidentally
518.be alien from=be different from distinct=different distinction=difference
discrepancy /difference/ distinction /differentiation / disparity / polarity 差异，不同
不同: difference = dissimilarity= discrepancy
Different/diverse/dissimilar/distinctive/unique/
alienate离间=estrange 孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝， 排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate
519.an array of一系列的=a series of
520.risk one’s life to do=jeopardize one’s life to do
521.reprisal=vengeance报复
522.犯罪的guilty=criminal
523.put out the fire=quench the fire=extinguish the fire
smother=suffocate=eliminate; remove extinguish消灭 annihilate歼灭 eradicate把根除去
eliminate: “消除”，用于写作与社会消极问题有关的文章
压制：smother/ stifle 令人窒息，压制约束 suppress/ pin down
Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,
524.compulsory(mandatory or encforced)=mandatory(ordered by a law or rule)=required(demanded as necessary or essential )=obligatory(binding in law or conscience)=requisite(necessary for a particular )=demanded(asking or calling for with authority)
525.curious=inquisitive
526.truculent残暴的，凶狠的=feral凶猛的，野生的=ferocious凶猛的，残暴的=fiendish残酷的，极凶猛的=fierce凶猛的
527.meek温顺的，驯服的=tractable易于驾驭的=docile驯服的，温顺的
528.vilify诽谤，辱骂=befoul污蔑，中伤=malign诽谤，中伤=asperse=slander
诽谤，中伤--aspersion slander derogate calumniate libel discredit denigrate
529.childbearing分娩=parturition分娩
530.harvest=reap收获
531.sprout发芽萌芽=bud发芽=germinate发芽
532.wither枯萎，凋零=shrivel枯萎=wilt使凋谢=defoliate使落叶
533.淡紫色的lavender=mauve
534.astronaut宇航员=cosmonaut
535.interfere=intervene
536.consolidate=fortify巩固= cement巩固
537.stubborn=obstinate固执的（没人劝得住，不改变自己的主意） 而tenacious表示的不放弃，有决心，坚持不懈的固执
538.trivia琐事=trial=grind
琐碎的，不重要的，微不足道的--trivial frivolous superficial trifling worthless
triviality /trifles/ 琐事
539.result=consequence(the results or effects of something) outcome后果
540.whole=entire(the whole of something)
541.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction)
542.sharp=acute(severe and intense)
543.be supposed to=ought to=should
544.appreciate sb’s sth=thank sb for sth
be indebted to –appreciate
545.cover替换walk/read After covering 10 miles, we all felt tired.
546.round the corner 替换 coming soon/ nearby
The summer vacation is round the corner ( coming).Do you have any plans?
Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby)
547.come to light=be discovered
548.set aside替换save
Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.
549.be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in
sth appeals to sb be immersed in sth. exerts a tremendous fascination on sb.
be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近: be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in
be lost in ; be rapt in ; be buried in; be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on
engross vt.用大字体书写, 使全 神贯注,
center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
rapt adj.全神贯注的
center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on)把某人的注意力集中在…上
Go into rapture---- very happy about / crazy about
550.in the course of替换during
551.a slice of/quite a few 替换 some
552.in possession of 替换 own
553.immediately=at once=in no time
554.take sth for granted 替换think sth naturally
555.The reason for this is not far to seek.替换The reason for this is obvious.
556.balance=equilibrium平衡 offset=balance
557.沙文主义chauvinism=jingoism。沙文主义有两种，一种是盲目爱国主义（用本国价值观去衡量别国），一种是大男子主义。
558.高傲的、自负的haughty=vainglory=conceited
559.supernatural=superrealistic超现实的
560.组成synthesize compose consist comprise
561.wither=blight=dry up枯萎
562.amateur=dilettante业余爱好者
563.ambivalent=ambiguous=equivocal模棱两可
564.versatile=omnipotent多才多艺的
565.mankind=human being=anthrop
566.combative=belligerent=bellicose=pugnacious好斗的
567.overcast=cloudy多云的
568.cave洞=cavity大山洞=cavern小山洞
569.receptacle=vessel容器
570. We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius It is generally established that: “众所周知，公认”。
571. Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged that, It can never be denied,
it is undeniable that，It goes without saying that，It is self evident that，It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that，It comforts one to know that
harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that,
Undeniable=there is no gainsaying n.否认(FORMAL)
572. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”，都可以替代reasonable rational and plausible
Legitimate/justifiable/acceptable/reasonable/valid/sensible/
573. barrier / obstacle / impediment/barricade障碍，阻碍 barricade snag hurdle栏杆，障碍
Remove the barrier for 扫清障碍 Obstacle n.障碍=stumbling block n.绊脚石
handicap/barrier/obstacle/ hindrance/ barricade/problem 障碍，阻碍，问题
574. conversely: “相反地”，也可以用来替代on the contrary in contrast: “相反”
in comparison with=in contrast to和……比起来
对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=conversely
575. depict / portray: “描述，描绘”，在漫画作文中替代describe
576. discard / abandon: “放弃，抛弃”，用于表达放弃消极想法或做法
577. drop: “下降”，用来替代decrease。这个词表示下降比较快，如果再用修饰语，应当是sharply，dramatically，drastically。这三个单词一般都用在消极的单词上。plummet / slump: “急剧下降”，图表作文中使用较多。shrink: 过去式和过去分词为shrank，shrunk，“缩小，减少”，用来替代经常使用的decrease 逐渐减少：逐渐地减少直到所剩无几（To become gradually less until little remains.）：dwindle
compression=reduction
578. emerge as: “逐渐崛起并成为”，这个词组虽然很短，但是含义非常复杂，可以用在文章的开头，表达某种事物或社会现象从无到有，并迅速传播。比如 Internet has emerged as an indispensable channel for people to exchange information。 个人感觉用来替代become
579. Assume/shoulder the responsibility for… 承担责任
bear/shoulder/ be loaded with
580. exchange: 这个词才是文化，教育等方面的“交流”，而不是communication
581. be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear
implication=suggestion
582. given that: “由于…原因”，可以用在句子的开始位置，后面接完整的句子，相当于 because
583. household: “家庭”，这个词偏重的家庭生活中的设备，物质概念，因此，比如计算机，汽车等设备进入家庭，就应当用enter the household，而不是我们用的home或family。生活垃圾也可以表达为household wastes。
584. launch a campaign to do something: “大力开展…活动”
585. major / primary concern: “主要关注点”
586. outlook: “前景，未来”，用来替代future。当然，如果用future，就可以加个修饰语，比如foreseeable future等等 prospective
587. remedy: “补救措施，解决办法”，用于替代solution
counter-measure-- solution
588. slight / slightly: “稍微，有点”，这个词可以在我们写作文时做修饰语，比如slight difference或drop slightly，起到增加字长和提高单词水平的作用。
589. reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits
590. little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly
591. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换 unnecessary, avoidable
592. relieve、release、lessen ease alleviate 压力stress=pressure=burden负担
593. bear/keep in mind that牢记 替换remember
bring(or call)to mind(=remind)使回想起
remind sb of (It occurs to sb that…)提醒某人…,使 某人向想起
594. interaction替换communication
595. 记者：reporter, journalist, paparazzi 狗仔队（复数）
⑴因果
naturally, as a result, consequently, not surprisingly, quite understandably, predictably, presumably,
contribute to, result in , the result can be identified in…, ascribe … to .., attribute … to…, derive from.., spring from, arise from,
(and)in addition // and // similarly // likewise // as well as // besides // furthermore // also // moreover // too // not only ... but // even // besides this／that
⑵递进
In addition to that, besides, apart from, let alone, not to mention, quite conscious of, moreover,
递进：furthermore, withal, ulteriorly, detailedly, minutely, eventually still and equally important,
⑶并列
Coupled with, combined with, going hand in hand with，integrated with…, entwined with..,
⑷转折
It is, however, nevertheless, in spite of , regardless of, unaware of，for all that …, heedless of .., nonetheless, though / although/ despite/ whereas/conversely /nevertheless/ in spite of/ in contrast /on the contrary/regardless of for all that=although尽管 howbeit notwithstanding
Although=albeit conj.虽然(the same as although)
⑸首先：First and foremost/ to begin/ to start with/ in the first place/ for one thing /
Firstly: previously, anteriorly, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset…
⑹其次：furthermore / more over/ in addition / what is more /
Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, succeeding (adj.), secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)… posteriorly
表示“此外”的词汇：
Additionally in addition furthermore moreover then as well (as)
Besides likewise similarly by the same token on the other hand
Also again what’s more once more at the same time
Another consideration is in the meanwhile/meantime
⑺最后：ultimately / in the end/ in the final analysis /
in conclusion // in summary // lastly // finally // to sum up // to conclude // to recapitulate 重述 // in short // in a word to put it in a nutshell,
Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally…
⑻举例子：for instance / to illustrate / as an illustration
The case/ story of XXX stands as an undisputed confirmation of …..that…
XXX remains a solid evidence of ….
Adding further credibility/plausibility to the argument is the story of XXX
My conviction stands on the following three…
⑼顺承：and as well as together with along with
⑽后来: afterward/ consequentially/ then
⑾类比：similarly in the same way Equally important/necessary
类比：similarly, in like manner, likewise, analogously, approximately
⑿对比：while whereas on the other hand in/by contrast on the contrary Conversely
⒀假设in the event that(=if) 在...情况下, 如果
⒁条件：if // unless // whether // provided that // Given that // for // so that // whether // depending on
⒂Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely…
⒃强调：especially, particularly, determinately, authentically, undoubtedly, undeniably, definitely, demonstrably, assuredly必用词汇替换
⒄⒅⒆⒇
596. to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance
to give a demonstration
597. system: 这个词的搭配能力非常强，比如educational system, legal system, economic system等等，只要形容词后面加上这个词，其实就成了形容词本身可以变化的名词，上面三个例子就可以理解为教育，法律或者经济
598.outlook: “前景，未来”，用来替代future。当然，如果用future，就可以加个修饰语，比如foreseeable future等等。prospect
599. fresh / novel: “新的”，比如fresh idea等，都可以用来替代我们经常使用的new。
600. copy / repeat one’s experience / success: “借鉴别人的经验，成功经验”
成就, 成功: success/ triumph/ victory/ accomplishment/ achievement/ fruition/ consummation/ attainments
601.有助于/对……有益处be beneficial to contribute to solving the problem、contribute to the furtherance of、Be instrumental, rather than detrimental to +n、Be conducive to +n/doing、Be instrumental in doing sth、Bring the threat of sth to an end be advantageous to injurious
有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding， advantageous
有益的：形容词：hygienic/ sanitary 广义的卫生的/ salutary/wholesome有益身心的
602.有害于Harm sth、damage sth 、be harmful to 、negatively Be detrimental/ deleterious to is already unfavourable and will probably become even more unfavorable in the future. Intolerably difficult =be pernicious to=be disadvantageous to sth is hazardous
=be pernicious to =be deleterious to
exert an adverse impact on对谁产生不好的影响~ Harmful=baneful a.有害的，使人苦恼的
损害： Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize, bruise, mar, maul
邪恶的，有害的，致命的--sinister diabolic corrupt forbidding pernicious virulent
有害的：harmful = deleterious/ detrimental/ noxious/ toxic/ virulent/ monstrous/ murderous
603. manipulate=control
604. resilient=recover
605. embed=implant
606. haphazard-fortuitous偶然的
607. set the world on fire=set the flames on fire(=do sth remarkable)有突出成就,非常成功
608. dense=compressed
609. forage=feed
610. circuitous=indirect
611. long-term in the long run permanent
612. engulf=swallow
613. tantalizing着急的
614. intimate=close亲密的
615. heritage=inheritance
616. tend=take care of
617. previously=formerly
618. automatically=naturally
619. feature=characteristic
620. deliberation=thought研究：在作决定或采取行动时的再三考虑
621. Precipitate=bring about
622. recurring= repeated
623. coincides with = at the same time as gear= coincide
624. spells= periods of time
625. magnitude= amount
626. mounting= increasing
627. optimal=ideal理想的
628. empirical= unprecedented
629. handy= convenient
630. awkward= clumsy难使用的，笨拙的
631. 暴露于be exposed to=gain exposure to
632. 看到（see），读到(read)，学到(learn)=接触到make contact with=have/get access to=be accessible to
633. face=be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of=be confronted with
634.more and more= a growing/increasing/climbing number/amount/sum of= growingly/increasingly/climbingly= to a larger extent
635. daily lives=day-to-day lives
636. without=free from
637.聪明的: intellegent/ wise/ ingenious/ sensible/ smart/ clever/ knowledgeable/ capable
638.特殊的: unique/ matchless/ unrivaled/ extraordinary/ special
639.无效的: null/ invalid/ void
640.有效的: valid/ acceptable/ effective/ resultful富有成效的/ efficient/ competent
Effective=efficacious (the same as effective, FORMAL)
641. 可降解的/可分解的材料 degradable / decomposable material
642. 财产: treasure/ profit/ fortune/ moneybag/ wealth/ belongings/ estate/ possessions/ property/ riches/ worth destiny/
643. 原因: causation/ cause/ matter/ reason
644. 说明: illuminate/ clarify/ illustrate/ exemplify/ explain/ elaborate
使可以理解：clarify= elucidate/ enlighten启迪教化/ explicate阐明/ expound on/upon /illuminate照亮说清楚
645. 暗示: imply / allude/ insinuate
646. 比例：proportion/ percentage
647. given/considering , in regard to/despite/although 有鉴于，考虑到，尽管
648. 显著的Conspicuous/striking/prominent/noticeable/eye-catching/evident/patent
649.主要地Mainly/chiefly/largely/primarily/principally/generally/
650.emergency event affair
651. tertiary education =higher education
education
schooling (指学校教育，家庭教育用upbringing/parenting)
upbringing是从孩子的角度说的，比如children’s upbringing
parenting 是从家长的角度说的，比如sensible parenting
652. feature character characteristic trait特点
…is a hallmark/characteristics of 特性。 Playing computer games is a hallmark of children.
653. two-side=bilateral双边的
654. Go a long way 表示很有作用，或者事物会发展的很好
655. Draw on +经验 （借鉴） you should draw on my experience to get a higher band.
=copy
656.…is a perfect complement to…=makes an excellent complement to 是什么的补充。Studying their culture is a perfect complement to learning their language.
657. Integrate/incorporate …into…把什么东西结合在一起。We should integrate subject factors into object factors when we evaluate teacher’s performance.
658. make it a point to…=make sure/ensure that 确保。。。。。
确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
659. Be inundated with …/be saturated with …充满什么~东西（贬义） be full of be filled with be awash with Be replete with= abound with= be fraught with
660.…is unwarranted/unjustifiable/unreasonable 作什么事情是不合理的~
661. go from bad to worse 每况日下
662. lie at the heart of 什么是谁的关键
663.be mutually helpful/beneficial 互利互惠
664. call for/require/necessitate(东西，或者事情) =need（人）
665.be inseparable from… A 是B中不可分割的一部分。
666. looking back, …/in retrospect.,…回顾历史
667.be a watershed 什么东西是一个转折点，分水岭。 turning point转折点
668. The advantages of …outweigh any benefit we gained from…
669. the skin /surface of the problem
670. 提高大众的环保意识 promote the public awareness of environmental protection; arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection
671. 采取强有力的措施 take stronger and harsher measures
672. 垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter
Waste=dissipate (dissipate means waste money, time or effort in a foolish way)
673. throwaway 可丢弃的=disposable 可丢弃的
674. limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源
675. solar (lunar) power太阳能
676. use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光，耗尽
677. ecological system=ecosystem生态系统
678. 教育: parenting, schooling
679. 报道：news coverage press publicity
680. obscene色情的, pornographic色情的
681. traffic conditions (worsen, deteriorate, go from bad to worse), 交通状况恶化
682. 收入: income, earnings, wages, salary, revenue
683. therapy （非药物）治疗 treatment 治疗
684. foster, raise, bring up, rear a child抚养孩子
685. behave themselves 行为得体 act properly 行为得体
686. criminal(offender)罪犯
687. up-to-date/ up-to-minute/cutting-edge/latest最新的
688. accelerate/speed up the pace of life 加速生活节奏
689. historic site 历史遗迹 cultural relics 文化遗迹
690. connotation暗含意思 implication暗含的意思
691. perform/conduct experiments on animals 在动物身上做试验
692. suspend悬挂=hang Abeyance
be in abeyance; fall/go into abeyance (of a right, rule, problem, etc) be suspended temporarily; not be in force or use for a time （指权利﹑ 规则等）暂时中止; （指问题等）缓议; 暂时无效或停用:
693. symmetriacal对称的=proportionally balanced比例平衡的
694. thankful=grateful
695. vibrate震动 convulse震动
696. be concerned about=be concerned with=concern oneself about/with
heedless of ..： not paying attention to something
697. correspond with=exchange letters regularly
698. so far=until now=to date
699. dispose of处理掉=get rid of=throw away
700. do away with除去,废除,取消=get rid of=abolish= discard eliminate除去,废除,取消
smooth away，eradicate消除 annul call off
Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullify
do away with杀掉, 镇压=kill杀掉, 镇压
701. at the thought of= at the idea of
702. yield to 对…屈服,投降,让步,顺从= give up=surrender
703. be worthy of值得,够得上, 配得上=be deserving of
704. in the vicinity 在附近=close to in close vicinity to=next to
705. on the whole 大体上说=generally=for the most part
706. 保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain steady，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even outnormously，steeply，
平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly
707. 占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose, provide
708. 波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation,wave, unstable
709. admit of(leave room for；allow for)留有…的余地
710. get the better of(=defeat sb)打败，智胜
711. round the clock(=all day and all night，usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地
712. instruct…in (=teach) 教指导训练某人…
She instructed me in the use of the telephone.她教我使用电话。
713. keep a close watch on ( =keep a sharp lookout for)密切注视
714. at large(=at liberty, free) 在逃, 逍遥法外
at large(=in general) 一般来说, 大体上
at large(=at full length; with details)详细地
The convict is still at large. 罪犯仍未归案。 the country at large. 整个国家
spoke at large about the court ruling.就法庭裁决做了长时间的发言
715. (not) in the least一点(也不)；丝毫(也不)＝(not) at all
716. at length 1.(=after a long time, at last)终于 2. (=in detail, thoroughly)详细地
At length we arrived at our destination. 我们终于到达了目的地
spoke at length about the court ruling.就法庭裁决做了长时间的发言
717. throw light on ( = make clear, explain) 使…更为清 楚, 提供线索, 阐明
718. at the mercy of (=in the power of) 任…摆布，在… 支配下
719. once in a while (=occasionally) 偶尔 at times sometimes
720. in place of (=instead of) 代替
721. take pride in(=pride oneself on) 以…自豪
We take pride in offering you the highest standards.
pride oneself on / upon 以…自豪
She prided herself on her ability to speak many foreign languages. 她为自己能讲多种外国语而感 到自豪。
722. proceed with ( =go on with sth) 继续进行 Let us proceed with our lesson.我们继续上课吧。
723. start from scratch(=from the beginning)从头开始 in search of(=in quest of)寻找
724. be shy of
1.不足的；缺乏的：(=be short of) Eleven is one shy of a dozen.十一比十二差一个
2.有戒心的：不信任的；小心的(=be cautious about)I'm a bit shy of that sort of person.我有点不太信任那种人。
725. think of/about (=be intent on doing sth.) We are thinking of going to France. 我们考虑到法国去。
726. imprudence /carelessness/ 粗心，不谨慎
727.and so on=and the like
728. 神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred
729. 岩浆：molten rock/ lava/ magma
730. Dishonest: deceptive 不诚实的 Dishonest=mendacious (a mendacious person is someone who lies) hypocrisy /dishonesty虚伪 hypocritical /dishonest虚伪的，伪善的
731. age / period era (时代，纪元) / phase
732. have a relationship with=be on good terms with
733. Awful=nauseous (if something makes you nauseous, you want to vomit)
734. Horrible=macabre (strange and horrible or upsetting)
可怕的：awful = horrible/ terrible/ tragic/ wretched / dire
735. Repeat=iterate vt.重申，反复说
736. Talkative=loquacious (if someone is loquacious, s/he talk a great deal)
737. Lazy=slothful (lazy and unwilling to make an effort to work), indolent (lazy, FORMAL)
738. Unendurable=insufferable a.难以忍受的(if you say something is insufferable, you are emphasizing that it is very unpleasant and annoying a.恼人的，讨厌的)
令人讨厌的事物：名词 anathema
739. 容易冲动的--impetuous hasty headlong rash brash passionate precipitate reckless
740. 家，空谈家--doctrinaire pedant theorist
741. 残忍的，野蛮的--ferocious bloodthirsty brutal cruel fierce vicious wild atrocious
cruelty / bloodiness/ brutality 残忍，残酷
742. 避难所--asylum haven home institution refuge shelter harbor
743. 欺骗，诈骗--deceive beguile dupe hoax mislead trick bamboozle cheat delude hoodwink
744. 逃避工作--malinger goldbrick relinquish
745. 活泼的--vivacious active animated brisk dynamic energetic exuberant gay Lively
746. 笨拙的，麻烦的--cumbersome bulky burdensome clumsy troublesome unmanageable
intractable, involved, troublesome, tough
Bothersome gauche antic awkward ham-handed
747. 暴乱，骚动--agitation bother commotion fret stir riot squall
748. 例外的，奇特的，罕见的--exceptional remarkable stupendous
749. 强的: strong-brawny/ muscular/ sinewy/ impregnable/ invincible/ potent/ robust/ virile/ stalwart/ stout/ sturdy
750. 强人: baron(巨头) magnate/ mogul
751. 削弱: weaken-diminish / debilitate/ enervate/ sap/ undermine/perish/wane
752. 弱的: weak—feeble/ decrepit/ frail/ flaccid/ impotent/ puny/ tenuous
753. 霸权: ascendancy/hegemony/supremacy
754. gather聚拢：accumulate/ amass/ assemble/ congregate/ garner/ glean/ muster/ rally(为反对或支持而召集)
755. group群组：battalion/ bevy/ cluster/ drove/ flock/ swarm/ throng
756. combination集合：assortment/ medley/ mosaic（马赛克）/ motley(五花八门：形容词也可以)
757. 浪费的：improvident/ prodigal son（浪荡子）=improvident/ profligate
758. 卷入复杂的境地：involve= embroil/ ensnare/ entangle
759. 难以理解：abstruse/ recondite/ intricate/ arcane只有少数人可以理解=esoteric/ cryptic 简短却令人迷惑/ enigmatic 谜一般的 enigma 形容词形式/ inexplicable无法解释/ inscrutable无法捉摸=unfathomable/ mysterious/ supernatural/ mystical/ extraterrestrial (这里的词很多都表示 难以理解~ 很多题目学习类~教育类~社会类~历史类~艺术类~只要表示某某问题把我们难倒了都可以用)
760. 高尚的：noble = rarefied/ sublime/ lofty
761. 谩骂的：abusive/ vituperative
762. 邪恶的：evil/ devil= cruel/ crude/ brutal/ wicked/ vicious/ malicious/ atrocious/ virulent/ venomous / sinister/ hafarious/ vicious/ pernicious/ destructive/ detrimental
763. 有益的事物：antidote 解毒药/ remedy药物：纠错/ panacea 万能良药 elixir 炼金药，万能药(有贬义含义)/ boon赐福blessing / tonic 补药
764.authority=government
765. go astray – go into a wrong way
766. inseparable – indivisible
767. It suddenly dawned on me that--- it suddenly came to/ occurred to/ me that-- / I suddenly realized that…
768. It would be unforgivable to do ---- cannot do sth
769. liking--predilection for sth, partiality for sth
770.don’t no scarcely hardly fail to
771.make sb do sth.=enable sb to do sth. facilitate
772. reinforce, bolster, prop up加强 promotion, advancement, enhancement, reinforcement
773.have 有
（1）负面含义：suffer, run high risk of
（2）正面含义：boast, embrace=cover, enjoy
（3）中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of; possess
774. 日常生活：daily lives=day-to-day lives=everyday lives
775. without=free from with= be accompanied by
776. advertisement
commercials 电视或者互联网上的广告
flyers传单广告，最常见的形式就是135********,办证
billboards大幅的广告牌，或者non-profit advertisements=public-interest advertisements 公益广告
777. the Internet=the information highway
778. be unhappy about=be discontented with
779. have no choice but to…have no option but to…/have no alternative but to…
780. 用have a ball替换have a good time/ enjoy oneself
781. 用at the news of 替换hear
782. achieve a goal=attain an accomplishment
783. We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius
784. Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged that,
It can never be denied,
it is undeniable that
It goes without saying that
It is self evident that
It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that
It comforts one to know that…
785. Easy: simple, effortless, no trouble, painless, plain sailing, uncomplicated, undemanding, unproblematic, a piece of cake (informal), child’s play (informal),…
786. Direct: bald, basic, frank, naked, plain, sincere, stark, straightforward, candid, forthright, outspoken…. straightforwardness 直率
787. Give: present, award, contribute, deliver, donate, grant, hand over, hand out, provide, supply
offer，supply，provide，furnish ，distribute，allocate，yield, afford render, yield, return, generate dedicate, consecrate, commit, devote grant-bestow
788. Meeting: conference, discussion, assembly, conclave, congress, convention, gathering session, assignation, encounter, confrontation, argument, controversy…
789. Make: create, assemble, built, construct, form, manufacture; fore, cause, compel, constrain, drive, impel, induce, oblige, prevail, upon, require…
790. 提出advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions
791. above / beyond: 介词，后面接抽象而不是具体名词时表示“无法做到”，例如：“above comprehension”的意思是“无法理解”。
792. fall short of (=fail to reach a desired result, standard, etc.) 没达到, 低于
793. in hand
（1）在手边
（2）(=under control)控制住
794. not only…, but also … -> not simply …, but … as well
795. 保持，延续
Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retain
Perpetuate,使永久，使不朽
796. conspiracy /plot 阴谋，密谋
797. mercy 仁慈，可怜；benevolence 善意，仁慈；
798. Clever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,
799. deception /fraud/ trickery /cheat /lie /betrayal /humbug /swindle / hoax/ trick/ mislead/ coax/ deceit/ lie 欺骗；欺诈；哄骗
800. in groups=in twos and threes
801. big city——metropolis
802. penetrate=pierce= thrust=stab
803. gaze stare glare observe peer at
804. elastic flexible not fixed springy bounced
805. classification categorization sort kind
806. Difference不同
Gap（简单但是牛）沟，generation gap——very common use in CET-4/6
Distinction: sharp/clear distinction between allergy and food intolerance (TBBT里面的Howard就有lactose intolerance，一吃peanuts就会肿，长荨麻疹rash哈哈。)
再想牛就用schism。比如“填平两个分支学科之间的分歧”heal the schism between clinical medicine and public health.(有本书就叫这个。)
807. Atmosphere、Ambience：这两个词可替换，但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。
808. artificial
synthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudo
809.monetary profitable, pecuniary mercantile
810.表示“素质高”的词汇：
Upright eminent decent ethical civilized noble
Elegant superior cultured graceful distinguished
表示“素质低”的词汇：
Unprincipled unscrupulous indecent unethical uncivilized ignoble
Inelegant inferior uncultured disgraceful fraudulent
811. inform. sb. of sth. 通知, 告诉 同义替换：=notify
812. interpretation=translation
813. courtship—mating
814. 放松release the tension、escape from stress
815. profitable-gainful-lucrative
816. ambitious-aspiring-enterprising
817. recognize-ratify-identify
818.recession depression
819. 老年人：the old、the elderly、the aged、aged folks、seniors citizens、people in their retirement years、retiree
820. 僵局 僵持impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate
821. 死亡,毁灭
Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,
Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,
decease, death, demise,
Defunct, moribund, dying,
Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.
822. Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority